Shielded radio frequency component with integrated antenna

ABSTRACT

Aspects of this disclosure relate to a shielded radio frequency component with an integrated antenna. An antenna can be on a first side of a multi-layer substrate and a radio frequency component can be disposed on a second side of the multi-layer substrate such that a ground plane of the multi-layer substrate is positioned between the antenna and the radio frequency component. Conductive features can be disposed around the radio frequency component and electrically connected to the ground plane. The conductive features and the ground plane can provide shielding for the radio frequency component. In certain embodiments, the conductive features can include bumps, such as solder bumps and/or copper pillars.

CROSS REFERENCE TO PRIORITY APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. Pat. Application No.17/321,894, filed May 17, 2021 and titled “SHIELDED RADIO FREQUENCYCOMPONENT WITH INTEGRATED ANTENNA AND RELATED METHODS,” which is adivisional of U.S. Pat. Application No. 16/376,395, filed Apr. 5, 2019and titled “SHIELDED RADIO FREQUENCY COMPONENT WITH INTEGRATED ANTENNA,”which is a continuation of U.S. Pat. Application No. 15/585,631, filedMay 3, 2017 and titled “SHIELDED RADIO FREQUENCY COMPONENT WITHINTEGRATED ANTENNA,” which claims the benefit of priority of U.S.Provisional Pat. Application No. 62/331,711, filed May 4, 2016 andtitled “SHIELDED PACKAGE WITH INTEGRATED ANTENNA,” the disclosures ofeach which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entiretiesherein.

BACKGROUND Technical Field

This disclosure relates to shielding between an antenna and a radiofrequency component.

Description of Related Technology

Packaged semiconductor modules can include integrated shieldingtechnology within a package. A shielding structure can be formed arounda radio frequency component. The shielding structure can shield theradio frequency component from electromagnetic radiation that isexternal to the shielding structure. The shielding structure can shieldcircuit elements external to the shielding structure fromelectromagnetic radiation emitted by the radio frequency component. Asmore components are being integrated together with each other in a radiofrequency module, shielding components from each other in a compact andefficient manner can be challenging.

SUMMARY OF CERTAIN INVENTIVE ASPECTS

The innovations described in the claims each have several aspects, nosingle one of which is solely responsible for its desirable attributes.Without limiting the scope of the claims, some prominent features ofthis disclosure will now be briefly described.

One aspect of this disclosure is a radio frequency module that includesa multi-layer substrate, an antenna, a radio frequency (RF) component,and conductive features. The multi-layer substrate has a first side anda second side opposite to the first side. The multi-layer substrateincludes a ground plane. The antenna is on the first side of themulti-layer substrate. The RF component is disposed on the second sideof the multi-layer substrate such that the ground plane is positionedbetween the antenna and the RF component. The conductive features aredisposed around the RF component and electrically connected to theground plane. The conductive features and the ground plane areconfigured to provide shielding for the RF component.

The conductive features can include bumps. The bumps can include one ormore solder bumps. Alternatively or additionally, the bumps can includeone or more copper pillars. The bumps can extend farther away from themulti-layer substrate than the RF component extends away from themulti-layer substrate. The module can include a molding material aroundthe RF component. The module can further include a via extending throughthe molding material. The via can be included in an electricalconnection between the ground plane and a bump of the bumps.

The antenna can be a printed antenna. The antenna can be a foldedquarter wave antenna. The antenna can be a loop antenna.

The multi-layer substrate can include a dielectric layer disposedbetween the ground plane and the antenna. The multi-layer substrate caninclude a plurality of routing layers and insulating layers disposedbetween adjacent routing layers of the plurality of routing layers.

The multi-layer substrate can include a passive component. The passivecomponent can be included in a matching network associated with the RFcomponent.

The RF component can include a low-noise amplifier. Alternatively oradditionally, the RF component can include a power amplifier. In certainapplications, the RF component can include a radio frequency switch.

The RF component can include a plurality of die. Alternatively, the RFcomponent can be implemented on a single die.

The antenna can be configured to transmit and/or receive RF signalsassociated with a Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) standard. Theantenna can be configured to transmit and/or receive RF signalsassociated with a Bluetooth standard. The antenna can be configured totransmit and/or receive RF signals associated with a ZigBee standard.

Another aspect of this disclosure is a radio frequency (RF) circuitassembly that includes a laminate substrate, a printed antenna, an RFcomponent, and bumps disposed around the RF component. The laminatesubstrate has a first side and a second side opposite to the first side.The laminate substrate includes a ground plane. The printed antenna ison the first side of the laminate substrate. The RF component isattached on the second side of the laminate substrate such that theground plane is positioned between the printed antenna and the RFcomponent. The bumps are electrically connected to the ground plane suchthat the bumps and the ground plane form at least a portion of ashielding structure around the RF component.

The radio frequency circuit assembly can include another bump disposedwithin the shielding structure and configured to provide an electricalconnection to the RF component. The laminate substrate can includerouting layers and insulating layers. The bumps can include at least oneof copper pillars or solder bumps. The radio frequency circuit assemblycan include one or more suitable features of the RF modules discussedherein.

Another aspect of this disclosure is a system board assembly thatincludes a laminate substrate, a printed antenna, a radio frequency (RF)component, bumps, and a system board. The laminate substrate has a firstside and a second side opposite to the first side. The laminatesubstrate includes a ground plane. The printed antenna is on the firstside of the laminate substrate. The RF component is attached on thesecond side of the laminate substrate such that the ground plane ispositioned between the printed antenna and the RF component. The bumpsare disposed around the RF component and electrically connected to theground plane. The system board includes ground pads electricallyconnected to ground plane by way of the bumps such that a shieldingstructure is formed around the RF component.

The system board assembly can further include an electronic component onthe system board. The shielding structure can be arranged so as toprovide RF isolation between the RF component and the electroniccomponent.

The bumps can provide standoff between the RF component and the systemboard. The bumps can include solder bumps, solder balls, and/or copperpillars.

The RF component can be embodied on a die. The RF component can beembodied on a silicon-on-insulator die.

The printed antenna and the RF component are embodied in an antenna in apackage system.

The system board assembly can include one or more suitable features ofany of the RF modules and/or RF circuity assemblies discussed herein.

Another aspect of this disclosure is a front end module that includes amulti-layer substrate having a first side and a second side opposite tothe first side, the multi-layer substrate including a ground plane; anantenna on the first side of the multi-layer substrate; a radiofrequency (RF) component on the second side of the multi-layer substratesuch that the ground plane is positioned between the antenna and the RFcomponent, the RF component including a low noise amplifier and a switchconfigured to selectively electrically connect the low noise amplifierwith the antenna; and conductive features disposed around the RFcomponent and electrically connected to the ground plane, the conductivefeatures and the ground plane configured to provide shielding for the RFcomponent.

The front end module can further include a bypass path, and the switchcan be configured to electrically connect the low noise amplifier andthe integrated antenna in a first state and to electrically connect thebypass path and the integrated antenna in a second state. The front endmodule can further include a power amplifier, and the switch can beconfigured to electrically connect the power amplifier and theintegrated antenna in a third state. In certain applications, the lownoise amplifier and the power amplifier circuit are embodied on a singledie. The die can be a semiconductor-on-insulator die.

The front end module can further include one or more suitable featuresof any of the RF modules and/or RF circuity assemblies discussed herein.

Another aspect of this disclosure is a wireless communication devicethat includes a transceiver; and a front end system in communicationwith the transceiver, the front end system including a multi-layersubstrate and a radio frequency (RF) component attached to a second sideof the multi-layer substrate, the multi-layer substrate including anantenna printed on a first side opposite to the second side, and themulti-layer substrate including a ground plane disposed between the RFcomponent and the ground plane.

The wireless communication device can further include a basebandprocessor in communication with the transceiver. The wirelesscommunication device can further include a second antenna associatedwith a different front end system than the antenna. The antenna can beconfigured to receive a wireless personal area network signal. Thewireless communication device can further include a power managementcircuit in communication with the front end system.

The wireless communication device can further include one or moresuitable features of any of the radio frequency modules, radio frequencycircuit assemblies, system board assemblies, and/or front end modulesdiscussed herein.

For purposes of summarizing the disclosure, certain aspects, advantagesand novel features of the innovations have been described herein. It isto be understood that not necessarily all such advantages may beachieved in accordance with any particular embodiment. Thus, theinnovations may be embodied or carried out in a manner that achieves oroptimizes one advantage or group of advantages as taught herein withoutnecessarily achieving other advantages as may be taught or suggestedherein.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Embodiments of this disclosure will now be described, by way ofnon-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1A shows a cross section of an antenna in a package systemaccording to an embodiment.

FIG. 1B shows a cross section of an antenna in a package systemaccording to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 shows a cross section of an antenna in a package system withsolder bumps providing standoff according to an embodiment.

FIG. 3A illustrates a system board assembly with an antenna in a packagemodule and another component disposed on a system board according to anembodiment.

FIG. 3B illustrates cross section of a system board assembly with anantenna in a package module and another component disposed on a systemboard according to an embodiment.

FIG. 3C illustrates cross section of a system board assembly with anantenna in a package module and another component disposed on a systemboard according to an embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view of an antenna in a package systemaccording to an embodiment.

FIG. 5A is an example cross sectional view of layers radio frequencycircuit assembly with an integrated antenna according to an embodiment.

FIG. 5B is example cross sectional view of layers radio frequencycircuit assembly with an integrated antenna according to anotherembodiment.

FIG. 6A illustrates an example printed antenna of a radio frequencycircuit assembly according to an embodiment.

FIG. 6B illustrates an example printed antenna of a radio frequencycircuit assembly according to another embodiment.

FIG. 7A is an illustrate example of radio frequency component layer of aradio frequency circuit assembly according to an embodiment.

FIG. 7B is an illustrate example of radio frequency component layer of aradio frequency circuit assembly according to another embodiment.

FIG. 7C is an illustrate example of radio frequency component layer of aradio frequency circuit assembly according to another embodiment.

FIG. 7D is an illustrate example of radio frequency component layer of aradio frequency circuit assembly according to another embodiment.

FIG. 8A is a schematic block diagram of a front end module according toan embodiment.

FIG. 8B is a schematic block diagram of a front end module according toanother embodiment.

FIG. 8C is a schematic block diagram of a front end module according toanother embodiment.

FIG. 9A is schematic block diagram of an illustrative wirelesscommunication device that includes a shielded package with an integratedantenna in accordance with one or more embodiments.

FIG. 9B is schematic block diagram of another illustrative wirelesscommunication device that includes a shielded package with an integratedantenna in accordance with one or more embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF CERTAIN EMBODIMENTS

The following detailed description of certain embodiments presentsvarious descriptions of specific embodiments. However, the innovationsdescribed herein can be embodied in a multitude of different ways, forexample, as defined and covered by the claims. In this description,reference is made to the drawings where like reference numerals canindicate identical or functionally similar elements. It will beunderstood that elements illustrated in the figures are not necessarilydrawn to scale. Moreover, it will be understood that certain embodimentscan include more elements than illustrated in a figure and/or a subsetof the elements illustrated in a figure. Further, some embodiments canincorporate any suitable combination of features from two or morefigures.

There is a desire for a relatively low cost packaging technology toshield circuits to reduce radiated harmonics and also allow for anantenna unshielded from receiving and/or transmitting signals. Aspectsof this disclosure relate to a shielded package with an integratedantenna. A laminated substrate can be fabricated in which an antenna isprinted on the top layer and a ground plane for shielding is included ina layer underneath the top layer. Other layers of the laminate substratecan implement signal routing. An electronic component, such as a radiofrequency (RF) component, can be disposed along a bottom layer of thelaminate substrate. Bumps can be disposed around the electroniccomponent and electrically connected to the ground plane. The bumps canbe solder bumps in certain applications. The bumps can include copperpillars in various applications. The bumps can attach the module to acarrier or directly to a system board. The electronic component can besurrounded by bumps. For example, outside edges of the electroniccomponent can have ground bumps that are connected to the ground planeby way of vias. The ground bumps around the electronic component can beconnected to ground of a carrier or system board. Accordingly, ashielding structure with can be completed when the module is placed ontoa carrier or system board. The shielding structure can function as aFaraday cage around the electronic component. The shielding structurearound the electronic component can shield the electronic component fromsignals external to the shielding structure and/or shield circuitsoutside of the shielding structure from the electronic component.

One aspect of this disclosure is a module that includes a multi-layersubstrate, an antenna, a radio frequency (RF) component, and conductivefeatures disposed around the RF component. The multi-layer substrate hasa first side and a second side opposite to the first side. Themulti-layer substrate includes a ground plane. The antenna is on thefirst side of the multi-layer substrate. The RF component is on thesecond side of the multi-layer substrate such that the ground plane ispositioned between the antenna and the RF component. The conductivefeatures are disposed around the RF component and electrically connectedto the ground plane. The conductive features and the ground planeconfigured to provide shielding for the RF component.

Another aspect of this disclosure is an RF circuit assembly thatincludes a laminate substrate having a first side and a second sideopposite the first side, a printed antenna on the first side of thelaminate substrate, an RF component attached on the second side of thelaminate substrate, and a plurality of bumps disposed around the RFcomponent. The laminate substrate includes a ground plane that ispositioned between the printed antenna and the RF component. The bumpsform at least a portion of an electrical connection to the ground planeto thereby form at least a portion of a shielding structure around theRF component. The bumps can include solder bumps and/or copper pillars.

Another aspect of this disclosure is system board assembly that includesa laminate substrate having a first side and a second side opposite tothe first side, a printed antenna on the first side of the laminatesubstrate, an RF component attached on the second side of the laminatesubstrate, a plurality of bumps disposed around the RF component, and asystem board. The laminate substrate includes at least one layer forminga ground plane. The ground plane is positioned between the printedantenna and the RF component. The plurality of bumps is electricallyconnected to the ground plane. The system board includes ground padselectrically connected to ground plane by way of the plurality of bumpssuch that a shielding structure is formed around the RF component.

FIG. 1A shows a cross section of an antenna in a package system 10according to an embodiment. The antenna in a package system 10 is anexample of a radio frequency module. The antenna in a package system 10includes an antenna integrated with and shielded from an RF component.The antenna is unshielded from transmitting RF signals to and receivingRF signals from remote to the system. Accordingly, the antenna cantransmit and/or receive any suitable RF signal. The antenna can transmitand/or receive RF signals for a system on a chip (SOC). In certainembodiments, the antenna of the antenna in a package system 10 can bearranged to transmit and/or receive Bluetooth and/or ZigBee signals.

The illustrated antenna in a package system 10 includes a multi-layersubstrate 12 that includes an antenna layer 14, a ground plane 16, aninsulating layer 20, and an other layer 22. An RF component 18 isattached to the multi-layer substrate 12 on a side opposite the antennalayer 14. The ground plane 16 is disposed between the antenna layer 14and the RF component 18 such that the ground plane 16 provides shieldingbetween the RF component 18 and the antenna layer 14. The antenna 14 canbe in communication with the RF component 18 by way of one or more wirebonds, by way of one or more vias extending through the substrate 12outside of the shielding structure, by way of magnetic coupling, or anysuitable combination thereof.

The multi-layer substrate 12 can be a laminate substrate. The insulatinglayer 20 can be disposed between the antenna layer 14 and the groundplane 16. The insulating layer 20 can include any suitable dielectricmaterial. The multi-layer substrate 12 can include one or more otherlayers 22, which can implement signal routing and/or passive components.Vias 24 extending from the ground plane 16 to the bottom side of themulti-layer substrate 12 shown in FIG. 1A can provide ground connectionsat the bottom side of the multi-layer substrate 12. In someimplementations, each of the vias 24 can be implemented by several viasthrough different insulating layers connected to each other by metal incomponent layers disposed between insulating layers.

The RF component 18 can include any suitable circuitry configured toreceive and/or provide an RF signal. For instance, the RF component 18can include a power amplifier, a low-noise amplifier, an RF switch, afilter, a matching network, or any combination thereof. An RF signal canhave a frequency in the range from about 30 kHz to 300 GHz. Inaccordance with certain communications standards, RF signal can be in arange from about 450 MHz to about 6 GHz, in a range from about 700 MHzto about 2.5 GHz, or in a range from about 2.4 GHz to about 2.5 GHz. Incertain implementations, the RF component 18 can receive and/or providesignals in accordance with a wireless personal area network (WPAN)standard, such as Bluetooth, ZigBee, Z-Wave, Wireless USB, INSTEON,IrDA, or Body Area Network. In some other implementations, the RFcomponent and receive and/or provide signals in accordance with awireless local area network (WLAN) standard, such as Wi-Fi.

The RF component 18 can be encapsulated in molding material 26. Throughmold vias 28 can extend through the molding material 26 to bumps 29. Thebumps 29 can be any suitable conductive bumps, such as solder bumps,solder balls, copper pillars, or the like. The bumps 29 can facilitatemounting of the antenna in a package system 10 onto a system board.Bumps 29 can be in physical contact with through mold vias 28.Accordingly, the bumps 29 can be electrically connected to the groundplane 16 by way of through mold vias 28 and vias 24 in the multi-layersubstrate 12. While two bumps 29, two through mold vias 28, and two vias24 are illustrated in the cross section of FIG. 1A, any suitable numberof such elements can be included in the antenna in a package system 10to provide a suitable ground connection and/or to provide suitableshielding around the RF component 18. For instance, the bumps 29 canextend along outer edges of the antenna in a package system 10 tosurround the RF component 18 in plan view. Corresponding through moldvias 28 and vias 24 can be implemented with such bumps 29.

FIG. 1B shows a cross section of an antenna in a package system 10'according to an embodiment. The antenna in a package system 10' isanother example of a radio frequency module. The antenna in a packagesystem 10' of FIG. 1B is similar the antenna in a package system 10 ofFIG. 1A except that the RF component 18 is unencapsulated in the antennain a package system 10' and the bumps 29 are in physical contact withvias 24 in the multi-layer substrate 12. In some applications, theantenna in a package system 10' can be mounted onto a carrier.

FIG. 2 shows a cross section of an antenna in a package system 30 withbumps providing standoff according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 shows thatafter reflow bumps 32 can extend farther from a module than a solderresist 34. This can enable the bumps 32 to provide standoff between anRF component and a system board or other substrate on which an antennain a package system 30 is disposed. Any suitable features shown in FIG.2 can be implemented in connection with any of the antenna in a packagesystems discussed herein.

FIGS. 3A to 3C illustrate example system board assemblies. Any suitableprinciples and advantages associated with these system board assembliescan be implemented with any of the antenna in a package systems and/orany of the RF modules discussed herein. FIG. 3A illustrates a systemboard assembly 40 with an antenna in a package system 10 and othercomponent(s) 42 disposed on a system board 44 according to anembodiment. The system board 44 can be any suitable application board,such as a phone board for a mobile phone. Bumps 29 of the antenna in apackage system 10 can be in physical contact with one or more groundconnections of the system board 44. Accordingly, a shielding structurecan surround the RF component 18 of the antenna in a package system 10in three dimensions. The shielding structure can provide shieldingbetween the RF component 18 and the antenna layer 14 of the antenna in apackage system 10. The shielding structure can provide shielding betweenthe RF component 18 and one or more other components 42 disposed on thesystem board 44. Accordingly, the RF component 18 can be shielded fromradiation emitted by the one or more other components 42. At the sametime, the other component(s) 42 can be shielded from radiation emittedfrom the RF component 18. The other component(s) 42 can include anyother circuitry on the system board 44, such as other RF circuitry, abaseband processor, memory, the like, or any suitable combinationthereof.

FIG. 3B illustrates cross section of a system board assembly 40 with anantenna in a package module and another component 42 disposed on asystem board 44 according to an embodiment. As illustrated, the systemboard 44 includes ground pads 41A in contact with bumps 29. In FIG. 3B,inner bumps 43 are surrounded by a shielding structure that includesbumps 29. The inner bumps 43 can provide electrical connections betweencircuitry of the RF component 18 and the system board 44. Pads 41B onthe system board 44 can be electrically connected to the RF component 18by way of respective bumps 43, vias 28′, routing metal 47, and vias 45.The antenna in the antenna layer 14 can be electrically connected to apad 41C of the system board 44. As illustrated, a wire bond 46electrically connects the antenna to the pad 41C. The system board 44can provide signal routing between the antenna and the RF component 18and/or the other components 42.

FIG. 3C illustrates cross section of a system board assembly 40′ with anantenna in a package module and another component 42 disposed on asystem board 44 according to an embodiment. The system board assembly40' is like the system board assembly 40 of FIG. 3B except that adifferent antenna in a package system is implemented. In the systemboard assembly 40', pads 41B on the system board 44 can be electricallyconnected to the RF component 18 by way of respective bumps 43, vias 45,and routing metal 47.

FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view of an antenna in a package system 48according to an embodiment. The illustrated antenna in a package system48 includes several components of the antenna in a package systems ofFIGS. 1A and 1B. In FIG. 4 , more details regarding the layers 22 areillustrated. In the illustrated antenna in a package system 48, thelayers 22 can implement signal routing. As shown in FIG. 4 , the RFcomponent 18 and the molding material 26 can be thicker in theillustrated vertical dimension than the multi-layer substrate 12.

FIGS. 5A and 5B are example cross sectional views of layers radiofrequency circuit assemblies 50 and 50', respectively, with integratedantennas according to certain embodiments. These figures generallyillustrate the layers of the radio frequency circuit assemblies. Detailsof some examples of the illustrated layers of FIGS. 5A and 5B areprovided in connection with FIGS. 6A to 7D.

In FIG. 5A, the illustrated radio frequency circuit assembly 50 includesan antenna layer 14, a ground plane 16, an insulating layer 20 disposedbetween the antenna layer 14 and the ground plane 16, a component layer51, routing layers 52, 55, 57, and insulating layers 53, 54, 56, and 58.The routing layers 52, 55, 57, the insulating layers 20, 53, 54, 56, and58, and the ground plane 16 can be included in a laminated substrate.The antenna layer 14 can also be considered part of the laminatedsubstrate. The component layer 51 can be integrated with the laminatedsubstrate. The component layer 51 can include any of the RF componentsdiscussed herein, such as the RF component 18. The component layer 51can include a semiconductor die that includes RF circuits.

Each of the routing layers can have insulating layers on opposing sidesto insulate the routing layers from others routing layers and/or otherlayers, such as the ground plane 16 or the component layer 51. Asillustrated, an insulating layer 53 is disposed between the ground plane16 and the routing layer 52 closest to the ground plane 16. As alsoshown in FIG. 5A, an insulating layer 58 is disposed between thecomponent layer 51 and the routing layer 57 closest to the componentlayer 51. The insulating layers can be formed of, for example, anysuitable dielectric material. The routing layers can implement metalrouting. Vias (not illustrated in FIG. 5A) extending through aninsulating layer can provide connections between metal in layers onopposing sides of the insulating layer.

Any suitable number of routing layers can be included in a radiofrequency circuit assembly. For instance, the radio frequency circuitassembly 50' of FIG. 5B includes one routing layer 52. As anotherexample, the radio frequency circuit assembly 50 of FIG. 5A includesthree routing layers 52, 55, 57. Relatively more routing layers can beimplemented to handle an increasing amount of signal routing betweencircuitry of the component layer 51. Alternatively or additionally,relatively more routing layers can be implemented to handle anincreasing amount of signal routing between circuitry of the componentlayer 51 and circuity external to a radio frequency circuit assembly 50and/or 50'. Signal routing can be shielded by a shielding structure thatincludes the ground plane 16 and vias through the insulating layers ofthe radio frequency circuit assembly 50 and/or 50' connected with groundsolder bumps and disposed around an RF component of the component layer51. Such vias can be electrically connected to conductive features, suchas bumps, disposed around the RF component in the component layer 51.Passive components, such as one or more spiral inductors, can beimplemented in one or more of the routing layers. One or more passivecomponents in routing layer(s) can be included in a matching networkassociated with radio frequency circuitry of the component layer 51.

The antenna layer 14 of any of the antenna in a package systemsdiscussed herein can include any suitable printed antenna. A printedantenna can be formed from one or more conductive traces on a substrate.The one or more conductive traces can be formed by etching a metalpattern on the substrate. A printed antenna can be a microstrip antenna.Printed antennas can be manufactured relatively inexpensively andcompactly due to, for example, their 2-dimensional physical geometries.Printed antennas can have a relatively high mechanical durability.

FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrate example printed antennas of radio frequencycircuit assemblies according to certain embodiments. These figuresillustrate examples of a top view of a radio frequency circuit assembly,such as the radio frequency circuit assembly 50 and/or 50'. The antenna60 can be any suitable shape. For instance, the antenna 60 can beU-shaped as shown in FIG. 6A. The antenna 60 in FIG. 6A can be a foldedquarter wave antenna. As another example, the antenna 60' can be ameandering shape as shown in FIG. 6B. The antenna can be coil shaped incertain implementations. The antenna can be a loop antenna in someimplementations. The antenna of the antenna layer 14 and/or 14' canserve as an antenna for a system on a chip. The antenna can transmitand/or receive any suitable wireless communication signal. Such antennascan be configured to transmit and/or receive Bluetooth and/or ZigBeesignals, for example. The antenna of the antenna layer can be incommunication with transmit and/or receive circuitry by way of one ormore wire bonds, by way of one or more vias extending through asubstrate on which the antenna is disposed (e.g., outside of theshielding structure), by way of magnetic coupling, or any suitablecombination thereof. The antenna of the antenna layer can be incommunication with an RF component shielded from an antenna by ashielding structure by way of one or more wire bonds, by way of one ormore vias extending through a substrate on which the antenna is disposed(e.g., outside of the shielding structure), by way of magnetic coupling,or any suitable combination thereof.

FIGS. 7A to 7D illustrate example component layers of radio frequencycircuit assemblies according to certain embodiments. These figuresinclude schematic views of a bottom view of a radio frequency circuitassembly, such as the radio frequency circuit assembly 50 and/or 50'′.

As illustrated in FIGS. 7A to 7D, ground bumps 29 can surround an RFcomponent and form a portion of a shielding structure around the RFcomponent. The ground bumps 29 can be disposed along each edge of thecomponent layer 51. The ground bumps 29 can be soldered or otherwiseconnected to a ground connection of a carrier assembly such that theground plane 16, the bumps 29, and ground of the carrier assemblytogether provide three-dimensional shielding of the RF component. Thecarrier assembly can be implemented by ethylvinylbenzene (EVB) oranother laminate, for example.

As illustrated, the ground bumps 29 surround signal routing bumps 71.The signal routing bumps 71 can provide at least a portion of aconnection between circuitry of the component layer 51 with metalrouting in a routing layer that is disposed between the component layer51 and the ground plane 16. Alternatively or additionally, the signalrouting bumps 71 can provide at least a portion of an electricalconnection between circuitry of the RF component 18 and a system boardon which an antenna in a package system is disposed.

The example component layers of FIGS. 7A to 7D illustrate variouselectronic components that can be shielded from the antenna of theantenna layer 14 by the ground plane 16. Each of these figuresillustrates circuitry that can be included within a shielding structure.Other circuitry and/or components can alternatively or additionally beincluded within such a shielding structure. For instance, one or more ofa crystal, a front end integrated circuit, or a system on a chip can beincluded within the shielding structure. As one example, a crystal, afront end integrated circuit, and a system on a chip can be implementedwithin the shielding structure and shielded from an integrated antennaby the shielding structure.

FIG. 7A illustrates a component layer 51 that includes an RF component18 connected to signal routing bumps 71. Some example RF components areillustrated in FIGS. 7B to 7D. FIG. 7B illustrates a component layer 51'that includes a low noise amplifier (LNA) 72 and a matching network 73.FIG. 7C illustrates a component layer 51ʺ that includes a poweramplifier 74 and a matching network 75. FIG. 7D illustrates a componentlayer 51ʺ that includes an LNA 72, a power amplifier 74, and matchingnetworks 73 and 75. The circuits illustrated in FIGS. 7A to 7D areconnected to signal routing bumps 71 and are surrounded by the groundbumps 29 in a respective component layer. In some other implementations,the matching network 73 and/or the matching network 75 can include oneor more passive component (e.g., one or more resistors, one or morecapacitors, and/or one or more inductors implemented in a routing layerdisposed between a component layer and a ground plane.

FIGS. 8A, 8B, and 8C are schematic block diagrams of front end moduleswith integrated antennas according to certain embodiments. An RF frontend can include circuits in a signal path between an antenna and abaseband system. Some RF front ends can include circuits in signal pathsbetween one or more antennas and a mixer configured to module a signalto RF or to demodulate an RF signal.

The front end modules of FIGS. 8A, 8B, and 8C can be packaged modules.Such packaged modules can include relatively low cost laminate basedfront end modules that combine low noise amplifiers with power noiseamplifiers and/or RF switches in certain implementations. Some suchpackaged modules can be multi-chip modules. In the modules of FIGS. 8A,8B, and 8C, an antenna is integrated with the RF front end. Theintegrated antenna of such RF front end modules can be implemented inaccordance with any of the principles and advantages discussed herein.These RF front end modules can be antenna in a package systems. Theintegrated antenna can be implemented in an antenna layer on a firstside of a substrate that is shielded from the circuits of the RF frontend on a second side of the substrate at least partly by a ground planeimplemented in a layer of the substrate.

FIG. 8A is a schematic block diagram of an RF front end module 80according to an embodiment. The RF front end module 80 is configured toreceive RF signals from an integrated antenna 60 and to transmit RFsignals by way of the integrated antenna 60. The integrated antenna 60can be implemented in accordance with any of the principles andadvantages discussed herein. The illustrated front end module 80includes a first multi-throw switch 82, a second multi-throw switch 83,a receive signal path that includes an LNA 72, a bypass signal path thatincludes a bypass network 84, and a transmit signal path that includes apower amplifier 74. The low noise amplifier 72 can be any suitable lownoise amplifier. The bypass network 84 can include any suitable networkfor matching and/or bypassing the receive signal path and the transmitsignal path. The bypass network 84 can be implemented by a passiveimpedance network and/or by a conductive trace or wire. The poweramplifier 74 can be implemented by any suitable power amplifier. The LNA72, the switches 82 and 83, and the power amplifier 74 can be shieldedfrom the antenna 60 by a shielding structure in accordance with any ofthe principles and advantages discussed herein.

The first multi-throw switch 82 can selectively electrically connect aparticular signal path to the antenna 60. The first multi-throw switch82 can electrically connect the receive signal path to the antenna 60 ina first state, electrically connect the bypass signal path to theantenna 60 in a second state, and electrically connect the transmitsignal to the antenna 60 in a third state. The antenna 60 can beelectrically connected to the switch 82 by way of a capacitor 87. Thesecond multi-throw switch 83 can selectively electrically connect aparticular signal path to an input/output port of the front end module80, in which the particular signal path is the same signal pathelectrically connected to the antenna 60 by way of the first multi-throwswitch 82. Accordingly, second multi-throw switch 83 together with thefirst multi-throw switch 82 can provide a signal path between theantenna 60 and an input/output port of the front end module 80. A systemon a chip (SOC) can be electrically connected to the input/output portof the front end module 80.

The control and biasing block 86 can provide any suitable biasing andcontrol signals to the other circuits of the front end module 80. Forexample, the control and biasing block 86 can provide bias signals tothe LNA 72 and/or the power amplifier 74. Alternatively or additionally,the control and biasing block 86 can provide control signals to themulti-throw switches 82 and 83 to set the state of these switches.

FIG. 8B is a schematic block diagram of an RF front end module 80'according to an embodiment. The RF front end module 80' of FIG. 8B issimilar to the RF front end module 80 of FIG. 8A, except that a transmitsignal path is omitted and the multi-throw switches 82' and 83' eachhave one fewer throw than corresponding multi-throw switches in thefront end module 80 of FIG. 8A. The illustrated front end module 80′includes a receive signal path and a bypass signal path and does notinclude a transmit signal path.

FIG. 8C is a schematic block diagram of an RF front end module 80ʺaccording to an embodiment. The RF front end module 80ʺ of FIG. 8C islike the RF front end module 80 of FIG. 8A, except that a poweramplifier of the transmit signal path is omitted from the RF front endmodule 80ʺ. The RF front end module 80ʺ includes input/output ports forcoupling to throws of the multi-throw switches 82 and 83. A poweramplifier external to the front end module 80ʺ can be electricallyconnected between these input/output ports such that the power amplifieris included in the transmit signal path between the multi-throw switches82 and 83. The power amplifier can be included in a different packagedmodule than the illustrated elements of the RF front end module 80ʺ.

FIGS. 9A and 9B are schematic block diagrams of illustrative wirelesscommunication devices that include a shielded package with an integratedantenna in accordance with one or more embodiments. The wirelesscommunication device 90 can be any suitable wireless communicationdevice. For instance, wireless communication device 90 device can be amobile phone such as a smart phone. As illustrated, the wirelesscommunication device 90 includes a first antenna 60 integrated with awireless personal area network (WPAN) system 91, a transceiver 92, aprocessor 93, a memory 94, a power management block 95, a second antenna96, and an RF front end system 97. Any of the integrated antennas andshielding structures discussed herein can be implemented in connectionwith the WPAN system 91. The WPAN system 91 is an RF front end systemconfigured for processing RF signals associated with personal areanetworks (PANs). The WPAN system 91 can be configured to transmit andreceive signals associated with one or more WPAN communicationstandards, such as signals associated with one or more of Bluetooth,ZigBee, Z-Wave, Wireless USB, INSTEON, IrDA, or Body Area Network. Inanother embodiment, a wireless communication device can include awireless local area network (WLAN) system in place of the illustratedWPAN system. Such a WLAN system can process Wi-Fi signals or other WLANsignals. Any of the integrated antennas and shielding structuresdiscussed herein can be integrated with the RF front end system 97.

The illustrated wireless communication device 90' of FIG. 9B is a deviceconfigured to communicate over a WPAN. The wireless communication device90' can be relatively less complex than the wireless communicationdevice of FIG. 9A. As illustrated, the wireless communication device 90'includes an antenna 60 integrated with a WPAN system 91, a transceiver92', a processor 93, and a memory 94. An integrated antenna and ashielding structure can be implemented in connection with the WPANsystem 91 in accordance with any of the principles and advantagesdiscussed herein.. The wireless communication device 90' can include aWLAN system in place of the illustrated WPAN system in anotherembodiment. Such a WLAN system can process Wi-Fi signals or other WLANsignals.

Some of the embodiments described above have provided examples inconnection with RF components, front end modules and/or wirelesscommunications devices. However, the principles and advantages of theembodiments can be used for any other systems or apparatus that couldbenefit from any of the circuits described herein. Although described inthe context of RF circuits, one or more features described herein canalso be utilized in packaging applications involving non-RF components.Similarly, one or more features described herein can also be utilized inpackaging applications without the electromagnetic isolationfunctionality. Any of the principles and advantages of the embodimentsdiscussed can be used in any other systems or apparatus that couldbenefit from the antennas and/or the shielding structures discussedherein.

Aspects of this disclosure can be implemented in various electronicdevices. Examples of the electronic devices can include, but are notlimited to, consumer electronic products, parts of the consumerelectronic products, electronic test equipment, cellular communicationsinfrastructure such as a base station, etc. Examples of the electronicdevices can include, but are not limited to, a mobile phone such as asmart phone, a wearable computing device such as a smart watch or an earpiece, a telephone, a television, a computer monitor, a computer, amodem, a hand-held computer, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, apersonal digital assistant (PDA), a microwave, a refrigerator, avehicular electronics system such as an automotive electronics system, astereo system, a DVD player, a CD player, a digital music player such asan MP3 player, a radio, a camcorder, a camera such as a digital camera,a portable memory chip, a washer, a dryer, a washer/dryer, peripheraldevice, a clock, etc. Further, the electronic devices can includeunfinished products.

Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout thedescription and the claims, the words “comprise,” “comprising,”“include,” “including” and the like are to be construed in an inclusivesense, as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is to say,in the sense of “including, but not limited to.” The word “coupled”, asgenerally used herein, refers to two or more elements that may be eitherdirectly connected, or connected by way of one or more intermediateelements. Likewise, the word “connected”, as generally used herein,refers to two or more elements that may be either directly connected, orconnected by way of one or more intermediate elements. Additionally, thewords “herein,” “above,” “below,” and words of similar import, when usedin this application, shall refer to this application as a whole and notto any particular portions of this application. Where the contextpermits, words in the above Detailed Description of Certain Embodimentsusing the singular or plural number may also include the plural orsingular number, respectively. The word “or” in reference to a list oftwo or more items, that word covers all of the following interpretationsof the word: any of the items in the list, all of the items in the list,and any combination of the items in the list.

Moreover, conditional language used herein, such as, among others,“can,” “could,” “might,” “may,” “e.g.,” “for example,” “such as” and thelike, unless specifically stated otherwise, or otherwise understoodwithin the context as used, is generally intended to convey that certainembodiments include, while other embodiments do not include, certainfeatures, elements and/or states. Thus, such conditional language is notgenerally intended to imply that features, elements and/or states are inany way required for one or more embodiments or whether these features,elements and/or states are included or are to be performed in anyparticular embodiment.

While certain embodiments have been described, these embodiments havebeen presented by way of example only, and are not intended to limit thescope of the disclosure. Indeed, the novel apparatus, methods, andsystems described herein may be embodied in a variety of other forms;furthermore, various omissions, substitutions and changes in the form ofthe methods and systems described herein may be made without departingfrom the spirit of the disclosure. For example, while blocks arepresented in a given arrangement, alternative embodiments may performsimilar functionalities with different components and/or circuittopologies, and some blocks may be deleted, moved, added, subdivided,combined, and/or modified. Each of these blocks may be implemented in avariety of different ways. Any suitable combination of the elements andacts of the various embodiments described above can be combined toprovide further embodiments. The accompanying claims and theirequivalents are intended to cover such forms or modifications as wouldfall within the scope and spirit of the disclosure.

1. (canceled)
 2. A radio frequency module comprising: a radio frequencycomponent; a multi-layer substrate including a ground plane, a signalrouting layer positioned between the radio frequency component and theground plane, and an insulating layer positioned between the signalrouting layer and the ground plane; and an antenna on a side of themulti-layer substrate that is opposite to the radio frequency component.3. The radio frequency module of claim 2 wherein the multi-layersubstrate further includes a second signal routing layer positionedbetween the signal routing layer and the radio frequency component. 4.The radio frequency module of claim 2 wherein the multi-layer substratefurther includes additional signal routing layers and additionalinsulating layers, the additional signal routing layers positionedbetween the signal routing layer and the radio frequency component, andthe additional insulating layers positioned between the signal routinglayer and the radio frequency component.
 5. The radio frequency moduleof claim 2 wherein the antenna is printed on the side of the multi-layersubstrate that is opposite to the radio frequency component.
 6. Theradio frequency module of claim 2 wherein the antenna is a microstripantenna.
 7. The radio frequency module of claim 2 wherein the antenna isconfigured to transmit a wireless local area network signal provided bythe radio frequency component.
 8. The radio frequency module of claim 2wherein the antenna is configured to transmit a wireless personal areanetwork signal provided by the radio frequency component.
 9. The radiofrequency module of claim 2 wherein the multi-layer substrate furtherincludes a passive component.
 10. The radio frequency module of claim 9wherein the passive component is included in a matching networkassociated with the radio frequency component.
 11. The radio frequencymodule of claim 2 wherein the radio frequency component includes a lownoise amplifier.
 12. The radio frequency module of claim 2 wherein theradio frequency component includes a power amplifier in communicationwith the antenna.
 13. The radio frequency module of claim 2 furthercomprising a crystal, the ground plane positioned between the crystaland the antenna.
 14. A system board assembly comprising: a system board;a radio frequency module on the system board; the radio frequency moduleincluding a radio frequency component, a multi-layer substrate includinga ground plane and a signal routing layer positioned between the radiofrequency component and the ground plane, and an antenna positioned onthe multi-layer substrate such that the ground plane is located betweenthe antenna and the radio frequency component; and an electroniccomponent on the system board, the electronic component positionedlaterally from the radio frequency module.
 15. The system board assemblyof claim 14 wherein the system board includes ground pads electricallyconnected to the ground plane.
 16. The system board assembly of claim 14wherein a semiconductor-on-insulator die includes the radio frequencycomponent.
 17. The system board assembly of claim 14 wherein the antennais configured to transmit at least one of a wireless local area networksignal or a wireless personal area network signal.
 18. A radio frequencymodule comprising: a radio frequency component including a low noiseamplifier and a switch; a multi-layer substrate including a groundplane, a signal routing layer positioned between the radio frequencycomponent and the ground plane, and an insulating layer positionedbetween the signal routing layer and the ground plane; and an antenna ona side of the multi-layer substrate that is opposite to the radiofrequency component, the switch configured to selectively electricallyconnect the low noise amplifier to the antenna.
 19. The radio frequencymodule of claim 18 wherein the radio frequency component furtherincludes a power amplifier connected to the switch.
 20. The radiofrequency module of claim 18 wherein the radio frequency componentfurther includes a bypass path connected to the switch.
 21. The radiofrequency module of claim 18 wherein a semiconductor-on-insulator dieincludes the radio frequency component.